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Posterous · YC S08
Parse · YC S11
Loopt · YC S05
Webvan · 1999

158 crypto failures researched

Crypto startups die.
Ideas don't.

Every failed crypto startup is a lesson for founders.

Deeply researched retros and rebuild playbooks.

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Directory

Featured Companies

158 companies found

2022Collapsed
FTX logo

FTX

Exchange$FTT

The exchange built on borrowed customer money.

2022Collapsed
Terra / LUNA logo

Terra / LUNA

Stablecoin$UST

An algorithmic dollar that couldn't hold a dollar.

2022Bankrupt
Celsius Network logo

Celsius Network

Lending$CEL

'Unbank yourself' — then they froze the bank.

2022Bankrupt
Three Arrows Capital logo

Three Arrows Capital

Fund$3AC

A $10B fund that was long everything with everyone's money.

2014Hacked
Mt. Gox logo

Mt. Gox

Exchange

Once 70% of all Bitcoin traffic. Then it vanished.

2018Rug Pull
BitConnect logo

BitConnect

Lending$BCC

A 'trading bot' that only ever printed new investors.

2019Collapsed
QuadrigaCX logo

QuadrigaCX

Exchange

The CEO died — and took the only keys with him.

2016Hacked
The DAO logo

The DAO

DeFi

The $150M smart contract that forked Ethereum in two.

2022Bankrupt
BlockFi logo

BlockFi

Lending

Crypto interest accounts, bailed out then buried by FTX.

2021Collapsed
Iron Finance logo

Iron Finance

Stablecoin$TITAN

Crypto's first true bank run — live, on-chain.

2022Bankrupt
Voyager Digital logo

Voyager Digital

Lending$VGX

A public brokerage with a private 3AC-sized hole.

2021Rug Pull
Squid Game Token logo

Squid Game Token

DeFi$SQUID

You could buy, but the contract wouldn't let you sell.

2017Rug Pull
OneCoin logo

OneCoin

Infrastructure$ONE

A 'cryptocurrency' with no blockchain, sold by the missing Cryptoqueen.

2019Rug Pull
PlusToken logo

PlusToken

Lending$PLUS

A 'high-yield wallet' that became one of crypto's largest Ponzi schemes.

2022Shut Down
Diem (Libra) logo

Diem (Libra)

Stablecoin$DIEM

Meta's global stablecoin, regulated into oblivion before launch.

2020Shut Down
Telegram TON (GRAM) logo

Telegram TON (GRAM)

Infrastructure$GRAM

A $1.7B token sale halted by the SEC before it could launch.

2023Bankrupt
Genesis Global Capital logo

Genesis Global Capital

Lending

The crypto lender that froze withdrawals after contagion hit its book.

2023Shut Down
Gemini Earn logo

Gemini Earn

Lending

A yield program that froze customer funds when its lending partner failed.

2022Collapsed
Wonderland logo

Wonderland

DeFi$TIME

A high-yield DeFi treasury undone by a treasurer's hidden criminal past.

2022Hacked
Ronin Bridge logo

Ronin Bridge

Infrastructure

Axie Infinity's bridge drained for ~$625M via stolen validator keys.

2022Hacked
Wormhole Bridge logo

Wormhole Bridge

Infrastructure

A Solana-Ethereum bridge exploited for ~$325M in minted wETH.

2022Hacked
Nomad Bridge logo

Nomad Bridge

Infrastructure

A bug turned a bridge into a free-for-all, drained of ~$190M by a crowd.

2021Hacked
Poly Network logo

Poly Network

Infrastructure

A $600M cross-chain hack where the thief gave it all back.

2021Hacked
Cream Finance logo

Cream Finance

DeFi$CREAM

Repeatedly drained by flash-loan attacks, including a ~$130M hit.

2022Hacked
Beanstalk Farms logo

Beanstalk Farms

Stablecoin$BEAN

A governance flash-loan attack stole ~$182M in seconds.

2021Rug Pull
Thodex logo

Thodex

Exchange

A Turkish exchange whose CEO vanished with users' funds overnight.

2021Rug Pull
Africrypt logo

Africrypt

Fund

South African brothers disappeared with a reported Bitcoin fortune.

2020Bankrupt
Cred logo

Cred

Lending$LBA

An early crypto lender felled by fraud and bad bets, freezing accounts.

2022Bankrupt
Vauld logo

Vauld

Lending

A Singapore crypto lender that froze withdrawals in the 2022 contagion.

2023Bankrupt
Prime Trust logo

Prime Trust

Infrastructure

A crypto custody backend that lost access to its own wallets.

2018Rug Pull
Centra Tech logo

Centra Tech

Payments$CTR

An ICO selling a crypto debit card backed by partnerships that didn't exist.

2022Rug Pull
Frosties logo

Frosties

NFT

An NFT mint whose creators vanished hours after selling out.

2022Collapsed
Pixelmon logo

Pixelmon

NFT

A $70M NFT game that revealed laughably broken art.

2024Hacked
WazirX logo

WazirX

Exchange$WRX

India's largest crypto exchange, gutted by a $235M multisig heist.

2024Hacked
DMM Bitcoin logo

DMM Bitcoin

Exchange

A Japanese exchange hit by one of 2024's largest crypto thefts.

2024Hacked
Orbit Bridge logo

Orbit Bridge

Infrastructure

A Korean cross-chain bridge drained for $81M on New Year's Eve.

2024Hacked
Radiant Capital logo

Radiant Capital

DeFi

A lending protocol re-hacked via compromised hardware wallets.

2024Hacked
Penpie logo

Penpie

DeFi

A Pendle yield-aggregator robbed by a fake market.

2024Bankrupt
Qredo logo

Qredo

Infrastructure$QRDO

An institutional custodian that entered UK administration.

2024Collapsed
Hawk Tuah ($HAWK) logo

Hawk Tuah ($HAWK)

NFT$HAWK

A viral meme girl's token that crashed 91% in hours.

2025Hacked
Bybit logo

Bybit

Exchange

The largest crypto theft in history — $1.5B gone in one signature.

2025Shut Down
Garantex logo

Garantex

Exchange

Russia's favourite dirty crypto laundry — seized by global law enforcement.

2025Rug Pull
$LIBRA logo

$LIBRA

DeFi$LIBRA

Argentina's president tweeted a memecoin, then deleted the tweet.

2025Collapsed
MANTRA logo

MANTRA

DeFi$OM

An RWA darling that lost $5.4B in market cap over a weekend.

2025Collapsed
Stream Finance logo

Stream Finance

Stablecoin$xUSD

CeDeFi yield that turned out to be an opaque $93M hole.

2025Collapsed
Elixir logo

Elixir

Stablecoin$deUSD

A stablecoin killed by lending 65% of its reserves to Stream.

2026Hacked
THORChain logo

THORChain

DeFi$RUNE

A cross-chain DEX paused for five weeks after a $10.7M vault exploit.

2026Shut Down
Bit.com logo

Bit.com

Exchange

Matrixport's derivatives exchange scheduled its own funeral.

2018Hacked
Coincheck logo

Coincheck

Exchange

$534M in NEM walked out of a hot wallet with no multisig.

2023Hacked
Multichain logo

Multichain

Infrastructure

A top cross-chain bridge whose CEO held the keys — then vanished.

2022Hacked
Harmony Horizon Bridge logo

Harmony Horizon Bridge

Infrastructure$ONE

A 2-of-5 multisig was all that guarded $100M — Lazarus took it.

2022Hacked
Mango Markets logo

Mango Markets

DeFi$MNGO

$115M drained by an oracle pump the attacker called 'legal'.

2023Hacked
Euler Finance logo

Euler Finance

DeFi$EUL

A $197M flash-loan exploit — then the hacker gave it all back.

2023Hacked
Mixin Network logo

Mixin Network

Infrastructure$XIN

A cloud database breach cost a cross-chain network ~$200M.

2018Hacked
BitGrail logo

BitGrail

Exchange

An Italian exchange lost ~17M NANO and blamed everyone but itself.

2021Hacked
Vulcan Forged logo

Vulcan Forged

NFT$PYR

A Web3 game studio lost $140M when its custodial wallets leaked.

2021Hacked
Badger DAO logo

Badger DAO

DeFi$BADGER

The smart contracts were fine — the website was the exploit.

2023Rug Pull
SafeMoon logo

SafeMoon

DeFi$SFM

A 'safe' token whose locked liquidity wasn't actually locked.

2022Collapsed
CryptoZoo logo

CryptoZoo

NFT

Logan Paul's 'fun game that makes you money' that never shipped.

2022Rug Pull
HyperVerse logo

HyperVerse

Fund

A $1.3B Ponzi fronted by a CEO who didn't exist.

2022Shut Down
Tornado Cash logo

Tornado Cash

Infrastructure$TORN

The privacy mixer the US Treasury added to its sanctions list.

2022Bankrupt
Babel Finance logo

Babel Finance

Lending

A Hong Kong lender that bet customer funds and lost ~$280M.

2022Bankrupt
Hodlnaut logo

Hodlnaut

Lending

A Singapore yield platform sunk by its UST exposure.

2020Hacked
LuBian logo

LuBian

Infrastructure

A bitcoin mining pool whose wallets were brute-forced for billions.

2025Hacked
Balancer V2 logo

Balancer V2

DeFi$BAL

A rounding flaw in stable pools cost it ~$128M across six chains.

2024Hacked
Munchables logo

Munchables

NFT

A Blast game drained for ~$62.5M by its own rogue developer.

2025Hacked
Infini logo

Infini

DeFi

A lingering dev privilege let an insider walk off with ~$49.5M.

2021Hacked
Alpha Finance logo

Alpha Finance

DeFi$ALPHA

A flash-loan attack on Alpha Homora drained ~$37.5M.

2021Rug Pull
StableMagnet logo

StableMagnet

DeFi

A BSC stablecoin swap that drained contracts and wallets alike.

2023Rug Pull
Bald logo

Bald

DeFi

A viral Base memecoin whose deployer yanked ~$23M in liquidity.

2024Hacked
Sonne Finance logo

Sonne Finance

Lending$SONNE

An empty-market donation trick drained ~$20M on Optimism.

2024Hacked
Curio logo

Curio

DeFi

Inflated voting power let an attacker mint and drain ~$16M.

2022Hacked
DEUS Finance logo

DEUS Finance

DeFi$DEUS

A flash-loan oracle attack on Fantom drained ~$13.4M.

2024Hacked
PrismaLST logo

PrismaLST

DeFi$PRISMA

Trove manipulation via flash loan cost it ~$11.6M.

2022Rug Pull
Arbix Finance logo

Arbix Finance

DeFi

An audited BSC yield farm that drained its own contracts.

2023Shut Down
Silvergate Bank logo

Silvergate Bank

Infrastructure

Crypto's main banking rail, killed by a post-FTX deposit run.

2019Rug Pull
BitClub Network logo

BitClub Network

Fund

A $722M fake-mining MLM dressed up as a bitcoin pool.

2021Rug Pull
Evolved Apes logo

Evolved Apes

NFT

'Evil Ape' minted out, then vanished with the treasury.

2019Collapsed
Sirin Labs (FINNEY) logo

Sirin Labs (FINNEY)

Payments$SRN

A $158M ICO for a blockchain phone almost nobody bought.

2025Hacked
Cetus CLMM logo

Cetus CLMM

DeFi

A spoofed token tricked the math into minting fake liquidity.

2023Hacked
Poloniex logo

Poloniex

Exchange

Hot wallets emptied across three chains in one night.

2023Hacked
Curve DEX logo

Curve DEX

DeFi$CRV

A compiler bug, not the contracts, opened the door.

2022Hacked
Cashio logo

Cashio

Stablecoin$CASH

A fake collateral account minted an infinite stablecoin.

2021Hacked
Vee Finance logo

Vee Finance

DeFi

An oracle that trusted one source, drained in days.

2021Hacked
Paid Network logo

Paid Network

DeFi$PAID

A privileged mint function turned the token to confetti.

2022Hacked
Elephant Money logo

Elephant Money

DeFi

Flash loans bent the price; the treasury paid.

2024Hacked
UwU Lend logo

UwU Lend

Lending

An oracle priced a stablecoin wrong; lenders paid.

2021Hacked
Indexed Finance logo

Indexed Finance

DeFi$NDX

Index pools rebalanced into a flash-loan trap.

2021Hacked
pNetwork logo

pNetwork

Infrastructure

A spoofed event log convinced the bridge to release.

2023Hacked
Yearn Finance logo

Yearn Finance

DeFi$YFI

Old, misconfigured vaults bit back years later.

2022Hacked
Dego Finance logo

Dego Finance

DeFi$DEGO

One leaked key, three chains drained at once.

2023Shut Down
Signature Bank logo

Signature Bank

Infrastructure

A crypto banking lifeline seized over a single weekend.

2020Rug Pull
AirBit Club logo

AirBit Club

Fund

A crypto MLM whose returns were pure fiction.

2021Rug Pull
Save the Kids logo

Save the Kids

DeFi$KIDS

A charity token rigged so insiders could dump.

2018Rug Pull
Prodeum logo

Prodeum

NFT

An ICO for fruit on the blockchain that left only a slur.

2021Hacked
BitMart logo

BitMart

Exchange

A hot-wallet key leak drained nearly $200M overnight.

2023Hacked
Atomic Wallet logo

Atomic Wallet

Infrastructure

A self-custody wallet whose users woke up empty.

2021Rug Pull
AnubisDAO logo

AnubisDAO

DeFi$ANKH

A dog-coin DAO that raised millions and vanished in hours.

2023Hacked
KyberSwap Elastic logo

KyberSwap Elastic

DeFi$KNC

A concentrated-liquidity DEX undone by its own tick math.

2022Hacked
Crypto.com logo

Crypto.com

Exchange$CRO

Withdrawals slipped past 2FA in a quiet January breach.

2024Hacked
ThalaSwap logo

ThalaSwap

DeFi$THL

An Aptos DEX whose pools were drained, then handed back.

2022Hacked
Pando Rings logo

Pando Rings

DeFi

An oracle nudge let a lender pay out far too much.

2020Hacked
Pickle Finance logo

Pickle Finance

DeFi$PICKLE

A yield aggregator tricked by a fake jar.

2022Hacked
Team Finance logo

Team Finance

DeFi

The liquidity locker that couldn't lock itself.

2025Hacked
Abracadabra ($SPELL) logo

Abracadabra ($SPELL)

DeFi$SPELL

The magic ran out for the MIM money market again.

2025Hacked
UXLINK logo

UXLINK

DeFi$UXLINK

A delegatecall slip handed the keys to the attacker.

2022Bankrupt
Zipmex logo

Zipmex

Exchange

Contagion from Babel and Celsius froze its withdrawals.

2023Rug Pull
JPEX logo

JPEX

Exchange

Billboards everywhere, then the withdrawals stopped.

2022Rug Pull
Mining Capital Coin logo

Mining Capital Coin

Fund

Phantom mining rigs and trading bots that never existed.

2022Collapsed
Waves / Vires (USDN) logo

Waves / Vires (USDN)

Stablecoin$USDN

An algo-stablecoin propped up by its own reflexive loop.

2017Rug Pull
Confido logo

Confido

Payments

A smart-contract escrow startup that escrowed nothing.

2022Hacked
Wintermute logo

Wintermute

Infrastructure

A vanity address gambled away ~$160M to a brute-force attacker.

2021Hacked
Mirror Protocol logo

Mirror Protocol

DeFi$MIR

A duplicate-call bug let the same deposit be unlocked again and again.

2021Hacked
EasyFi logo

EasyFi

DeFi$EASY

A compromised admin key cost the lending protocol ~$59M.

2021Hacked
PancakeBunny logo

PancakeBunny

DeFi$BUNNY

A flash loan minted billions of BUNNY and crashed the token.

2021Rug Pull
Meerkat Finance logo

Meerkat Finance

DeFi

A 'contract upgrade' that quietly redirected vaults to the deployer.

2020Hacked
Harvest Finance logo

Harvest Finance

DeFi$FARM

A flash loan bent Curve prices and farmed ~$25M from the vaults.

2022Hacked
Blizz Finance logo

Blizz Finance

DeFi

A frozen Chainlink feed let bad debt drain ~$21.8M.

2026Hacked
Rhea Lend logo

Rhea Lend

DeFi

Fake collateral drained ~$18.4M — then the attacker returned it all.

2022Hacked
Inverse Finance Frontier logo

Inverse Finance Frontier

DeFi$INV

A manipulated TWAP let attackers over-borrow ~$15.6M.

2024Hacked
Polter Finance logo

Polter Finance

DeFi

A flash-loan oracle attack wiped out ~$12M on Fantom.

2022Hacked
Saddle Finance logo

Saddle Finance

DeFi

A swap-math flaw let a flash loan extract ~$11M.

2022Rug Pull
AAX logo

AAX

Exchange

A 'system upgrade' that turned into a vanishing act.

2023Bankrupt
Bittrex logo

Bittrex

Exchange

An early US giant ground down by regulators into Chapter 11.

2018Rug Pull
Pincoin / iFan logo

Pincoin / iFan

Fund

Vietnam's biggest ICO Ponzi paid out in worthless tokens.

2022Shut Down
Fei Protocol logo

Fei Protocol

Stablecoin$FEI

An algorithmic stablecoin that broke peg on day one.

2017Rug Pull
Veritaseum logo

Veritaseum

Infrastructure$VERI

An ICO the SEC called fraud, with manipulated trading.

2017Hacked
Parity Multisig logo

Parity Multisig

Infrastructure

A wallet library anyone could become owner of, then kill.

2022Hacked
Qubit logo

Qubit

DeFi

Minted infinite collateral from a deposit that never happened.

2021Hacked
Uranium Finance logo

Uranium Finance

DeFi

A migration typo handed an attacker the whole pool.

2020Hacked
KuCoin logo

KuCoin

Exchange

Hot wallet keys leaked, then the exchange clawed it back.

2021Hacked
MonoX logo

MonoX

DeFi

Sold a token to itself to pump its own price.

2020Hacked
dForce Lending logo

dForce Lending

DeFi

An ERC-777 callback drained the pool, then the hacker returned it.

2024Hacked
DEXX logo

DEXX

Infrastructure

A trading bot that stored users' private keys in the open.

2021Rug Pull
Snowdog logo

Snowdog

DeFi

An eight-day OHM fork that 'rebased to riches,' then collapsed.

2020Hacked
Eminence logo

Eminence

DeFi

Money poured into an unfinished contract, then a flash loan took it.

2025Hacked
Cork V1 logo

Cork V1

DeFi

A malicious hook walked past the access control.

2021Hacked
ValueDefi logo

ValueDefi

DeFi

Hit repeatedly, ironically after an 'are you brave enough?' taunt.

2023Shut Down
CoinFLEX / OPNX logo

CoinFLEX / OPNX

Exchange

Imploded over one whale's debt, then rose as a claims casino.

2019Hacked
Cryptopia logo

Cryptopia

Exchange

A hack it never recovered from, plus a fight over who owned the coins.

2018Rug Pull
GainBitcoin logo

GainBitcoin

Fund

10% monthly bitcoin returns, until the mining was a Ponzi.

2021Collapsed
Basis Cash logo

Basis Cash

Stablecoin$BAC

Resurrected a dead stablecoin design that died the same way.

2023Shut Down
LBRY logo

LBRY

Infrastructure$LBC

Built a censorship-resistant content network, killed by the SEC.

2021Hacked
Compound V2 logo

Compound V2

DeFi$COMP

A reward-math bug handed out ~$147M in free COMP.

2022Hacked
Rari Capital logo

Rari Capital

DeFi$RGT

Drained repeatedly via reentrancy, the worst hit ~$80M.

2021Hacked
Ooki logo

Ooki

DeFi$OOKI

A phished private key cost the protocol ~$55M.

2024Hacked
Hedgey logo

Hedgey

DeFi

A flawed claim contract leaked ~$44.7M to attackers.

2021Hacked
Spartan logo

Spartan

DeFi$SPARTA

Bad pool-share math leaked ~$30.5M on BSC.

2021Hacked
xToken logo

xToken

DeFi

A manipulated price oracle drained ~$24M.

2021Hacked
Popsicle Finance logo

Popsicle Finance

DeFi$ICE

A rewards-accounting flaw melted ~$20M away.

2021Hacked
BearnFi logo

BearnFi

DeFi$BFI

A broken withdraw path bled ~$18M on BSC.

2021Hacked
Furucombo logo

Furucombo

DeFi$COMBO

A delegatecall flaw let an attacker impersonate the protocol for ~$14M.

2020Rug Pull
Compounder Finance logo

Compounder Finance

DeFi$CP3R

Devs swapped in malicious contracts and drained ~$12M.

2026Hacked
Blend Pools V2 logo

Blend Pools V2

DeFi

A manipulated oracle siphoned ~$11M on Stellar.

2022Collapsed
Orthogonal Trading logo

Orthogonal Trading

Lending

A borrower hid FTX losses and defaulted on its loans.

2022Rug Pull
Forsage logo

Forsage

DeFi

A 'smart-contract' MLM that was a $300M+ Ponzi.

2021Collapsed
EthereumMax logo

EthereumMax

DeFi$EMAX

Celebrity-hyped token that cratered ~98% after launch.

2022Collapsed
Acala (aUSD) logo

Acala (aUSD)

Stablecoin$aUSD

A misconfig minted billions of stablecoins for free.